Q1.
The heart is part of the circulatory system.
(a)     (i)      Name one substance transported by the blood in the circulatory system.
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(1)
(ii)     What is the main type of tissue in the heart wall?
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(1)
(b)     Figure 1 shows the human heart.
 
(i)      Which blood vessel, A, B or C, takes blood to the lungs?        
 
(1)
(ii)     Name parts D and E shown in Figure 1.
D _______________________________________
E _______________________________________
(2)
(c)     Figure 2 shows three types of blood vessel, F, G and H.
 
(i)      What type of blood vessel is F?
 
Tick (✔) one box.	 	
an artery		
a capillary		
a vein		
(1)
(ii)      A man needs to have a stent fitted to prevent a heart attack.
In which type of blood vessel would the stent be placed?
 
Tick (✔) one box.	 	
an artery		
a capillary		
a vein		
(1)
(iii)      Explain how a stent helps to prevent a heart attack.
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(2)
(Total 9 marks)
Q2.
The diagram shows the human circulation system.

 	(a)	(i)	Give the letter of one blood vessel that is an artery.		
(1)
 
 	(ii)	Give the letter of one blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood.		
(1)
(b)     During exercise, the heart rate increases.
Explain, as fully as you can, why this increase is necessary.
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(4)
(Total 6 marks)
Q3.
Blood is part of the circulatory system.
(a)     (i)      Give one function of white blood cells.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(1)
(ii)     Which of the following is a feature of platelets?
Tick () one box.
They have a nucleus.		
They contain haemoglobin.		
They are small fragments of cells.		
(1)
(b)     Urea is transported by the blood plasma from where it is made to where the urea is excreted.
Complete the following sentence.
Blood plasma carries urea from where it is made in the ________________
to the ____________________ where the urea is removed from the blood.
(2)
(c)     The illustration shows a section through the human heart.
 
Structure X is a valve. If valve X stops working, it may need to be replaced.
A scientist is designing a new heart valve. The scientist knows that the valve must be the correct size to fit in the heart.
Suggest two other factors the scientist needs to consider so that the newly designed valve works effectively in the heart.
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(2)
(Total 6 marks)

Mark schemes
Q1.
(a)     (i)     any one from:
•        glucose
•        oxygen
•        carbon dioxide
•        urea
•        water
allow hormones
allow named example of a product of digestion
1
(ii)     (cardiac) muscle
allow muscular
1
(b)     (i)      B
1
(ii)     D atrium / atria
ignore references to left or right
1
E ventricle(s)
ignore references to left or right
1
(c)     (i)      a vein
1
(ii)      an artery
1
(iii)     keeps artery open / wider
allow ecf from part cii
1
(so) blood / oxygen can pass through (to the heart muscle)
1
[9]
Q2.
(a)     (i)     B or D
1
(ii)     A or B 
1
(b)      any four from:
more / faster must be implied at least once for full marks
•        increased blood (flow)
ignore reference to breathing
•        (more) oxygen supplied or aerobic respiration
allow less anaerobic (respiration) or and prevents oxygen debt
•        (more) glucose / sugar / food supplied
ignore feeding
•        (higher rate of) respiration
•        (more) energy needed / released
allow made
•       (more) carbon dioxide removed
•        (muscles) doing (more) work or muscles contracting
•        remove heat / cooling
•        remove lactic acid or less lactic acid formed
4
[6]
Q3.
(a)     (i)      defence against or destroy pathogens / bacteria / viruses / microorganisms
do not allow ‘destroy disease’
accept engulf pathogen / bacteria / viruses / microorganism
accept phagocytosis
accept produce antibodies / antitoxins
allow immune response
1
(ii)     they are small fragments of cells
1
(b)     liver
in this order only
1
kidney(s)
1
(c)     any two from:
•        that it doesn’t cause an immune response or isn’t rejected / damaged by white blood cells
•        whether it is a long lasting material / doesn’t decompose / corrode / inert
•        if it is strong (to withstand pressure)
•        it will open at the right pressure
•        that it doesn’t cause clotting
•        that it doesn’t leak or it prevents backflow
•        non toxic
ignore correct size
2
[6]